References
Abplanalp, W., Rymaszewski, M., Adamski, J., & Subbiah, M. T. R. (1999). Evidence for interference in estradiol-17ß inactivation to estrone by oxidized low-density lipoprotein and selected lipid peroxidation products The Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine., 134(3), 253-259.
Adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). (2006). Mosby's dictionary of medicine, nursing, & health professions (). Philadelphia, PA, USA: Elsevier Health Sciences.
Ammni, C.V., Fernandez-Canon, J., Shroads, A.L., Cornett, R., Cheung, J., James, M.O., et al. 2003. Pharmacogenomics of dichloroacetate. In: Natural Production of Organohalogen Compounds (Gribble GW, ed). Handbook of Environmental Chemistry 3/P. Berlin:Springer, 215-234.
Angoa-Pérez, M., Jiang, H., Rodríguez, A. I., Lemini, C., Levine, R. A., & Rivas-Aracibia, S. (2006). Estrogen counteracts ozone-induced oxidative stress and nigral neuronal death. Neuroreport, 17(6), 629-629-633.
Asthma. (2004). New harvard guide to women's health, the (). Cambridge, MA, USA: Harvard University Press.
Ayres, S., Tang, M., & Ravi Subbiah, M. T. (1996). Estradiol-17ß as an antioxidant; some distinct features when compared with common fat-soluble antioxidants. Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine, 128(4), 367-375.
Baldini, E. H., & Strauss, G. M. (1997). Women and lung cancer: Waiting to exhale. Chest, 122, 229S-234S.
Balmes, J. R. (1993). The role of ozone exposure in the epidemiology of asthma. Environmental Health Perspectives Supplements, 101(4), 219-224.
Banu, S. K., Lee, J., Speights, V. O. J., Starzinski-Powitz, A., & Arosh, J. A. (2009). Selective inhibition of prostaglandin E2 receptors EP2 and EP4 induces apoptosis of human endometriotic cells through suppression of ERK1/2, AKT, NFkB and ß-catenin pathways and activation of intrinsic apoptotic mechanisms. Molecular Endocrinology, 23(8), 1291-1305.
Basu, A., Castle, V. P., Bouzianne, M., Bhalla, K., & Haldar, S. (2006). Crosstalk between extrinsic and intrinsic cell death pathways in pancreatic cencer: Synergistic action of estrogen metabolite and ligands of death receptor family. Cancer Research, 66(8), 4309-4318.
Bersin, R.M., Wolfe, C., Kwasman, M., Lau, D., Klinski, C., Tanaka, K., Khorrami, P., Henderson, N., De Marco, T., Chatterjee, K. (1994). Improved hemodynamic function and mechanical efficiency in congestive heart failure with sodium dichloroacetate. J.Am.Coll.Cardiol., 23, 1617-1624.
Bersin, R.B. & Stacpoole, P.W. (1997). DCA as metabolic therapy for myocardial ischemia and failure. Am Heart J, 134, 841-855.
Blomberg, A. (2000). Airway inflammatory and antioxidant responses to
oxidative and particulate air pollutants - experimental exposure studies in
humans Clinical and Experimental Allergy,
30, 310-317.
Bokov, A. F., Ko, D., & Richardson, A. (2009). The effect of gonadectomy and estradiol on sensitivity to oxidative stress. Endorince Research, 34(1), 43-58.
Bonnet, S., Archer, S. L., Allalunis-Turner, J., Haromy, A., Beaulieu, C., Thompson, R., Michelakis, E. D. (2007). A mitochondria-K+ channel axis is suppressed in cancer and its normalization promotes apoptosis and inhibits cancer growth. Cancer Cell, 11(1), 37-51.
Brink, C. B., Pretorius, A., van Niekerk, B. P. J., Oliver, D. W., & Venter, D. P. (2008). Studies of cellular resilience and adaptation following acute and repetitive exposure to ozone in cultured human epithelial (HeLa) cells. Redox Report, 13(2), 87-100.
Buchmuller-Rouiller, Y., Corradin, S. B., Smith, J., Schneider, P., Ransijn, A., Jongeneel, C. V., et al. (1995). Role of glutathione in macrophage activation: Effect of cellular clutathione depletion on nitrite production and leishmanicidal activity Cellular Immunology, 164(73-80)
Bull, R. J. (2000). Mode of Action of Liver Tumor Induction by Trichloroethylene and Its Metabolites, Trichloroacetate and Dichloroacetate. Environmental Health Perspectives, 108(S.2), 241-259.
Bull, R.J., Orner, G.A., Cheng, R.S., Stillwell, L., Stauber, A.J., Sasser, L.B., Lingohr, M.K., Thrall, B.D. (2002). Contribution of dichloroacetate and trichloroacetate to liver tumor induction in mice by trichloroethylene. Toxicology & Applied Pharmacology, 182(1), 55.
Calcutt, N. A., Lopez, V. L., Bautista, A. D., Mizisin, L. M., Torres, B. R., Shroads, A. L., Mizisin, A.P., Stacpoole, P. W. (2009). Peripheral neuropathy in rats exposed to dichloroacetate. Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology, 68(9), 985-993.
Calvert, L.D., Shelley, R., Singh, S.J., Greenhaff, P.L., Bankart, J., Morgan, M.D., Steiner, M.C. (2008). Dichloroacetate Enhances Performance and Reduces Blood Lactate during Maximal Cycle Exercise in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 177, 1090–1094.
Chang, L. W., Chang, Y., Ho, C., Tsai, M., & Lin, P. (2007). Increase of carcinogenic risk via enhancement of cyclooxygenase-2 espression and hyroxyestradiol accumulation in human lug cells as a result of interaction between BaP and 17-beta estradiol. Carcinogenesis,
Chen, C., Arjomandi, M., Balmes, J., Tager, I., & Holland, N. (2007). Effects of chronic and acute ozone exposure on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant capacity in healthy young adults. Environmental Health Perspectives, 115(12), 1732-1737.
Chen, J., Brown, T. R., & Yager, J. D. (2008). Mechanisms of hormone carcinogenesis: Evolution of views, role of mitochondira. In L. M. Bernstein, & R. J. Santen (Eds.), Innovative endocrinology of cancer (pp. 1-18). New York; Austin, Texas: Landes Bioscience; Springer Science+Business Media.
Cheng, Y., Chang, L. W., Cheng, L., Tsai, M., & Lin, P. (2007). 4-methoxyestradiol-induced oxidative injuries in human lung epithelial cells. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 220, 271-277.
Cho, H., Morgan, D. L., Bauer, A. K., & Kleeberger, S. R. (2007). Signal transduction pathways of tumor necrosis factor-medicated lung injury induced by ozone in mice. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 175, 829-839.
Ciufo, R., Dimarco, A., Stofan, D., Nethery, D., Supinski, G. (2001). Dichloroacetate Reduces Diaphragmatic Lactate Formation But Impairs Respiratory Performance. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 164, 1669–1674.
Connor, L. M., Ballinger, C. A., Albrecht, T. B., & Postlethwait, E. M. (2004). Interacial phospholipids inhibit ozone-reactive absorption-mediated cytotoxicity in vitro. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol, 286, 1169-1178.
Del Prete, S. A., Maurer, L. H., Brinck-Johnsen, T., & Sorenson, G. D. (1983). 17-ß-estradiol levels in patients with small cell carcinoma of the lung. The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry, 18(2), 195-196.
Dougherty, S. M., Mazhawidza, W., Bohn, A. R., Robinson, K. A., Mattingly, K. A., Blankenship, K. A., et al. (2006). Gender difference in the activity but not expression of estrogen receptors å and ß in human lung adenocarcinoma cells. Endocrine Related Cancer, 13(1), 113.
Echiburu-Chau, C., & Calaf, G. M. (2008). Rat lung cancer induced by malathion and estrogen. International Journal of Oncology, 33, 603-611.
EWG (Environmental Working Group) (2009). National Drinking Water Guidelines: Study Findings. Retrieved from http://www.ewg.org/tap-water/reportfindings .
Farhat, M. Y., Abi-Younes, S., Digaan, B., Vargas, R., & Ramwell, P. W. (1996). Estradiol increases cyclic adenosine monophosphate in rat pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells by a nongenomic mechanism The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 276(2), 652-657.
Felty, Q., & Roy, D. (2005). Mitochondrial signals to nucleus regulate estrogen-induced cell growth. Medical Hypotheses, 64, 113-141.
Gerstner, B., Lee, J., DeSilva, T. M., Jensen, F. E., Volpe, J. J., & Rosenberg, P. A. (2009). 17ß-estradiol protects against Hypoxic/Ishemic white matter damage in the neonatal rat brain. Journal of Neuroscience Research, 87, 2078-2086.
Gunnison, A. F., Finkelstein, I., Weideman, P., Su, W., Sobo, M., & Schlesinger, R. B. (1990). Age-dependent effect of ozone on PUlmonary eicosanoid metabolism in rabbits and rats. Fundamental and Applied Toxicology, 15, 779-790.
Hartl, D., Starosta, V., Maier, K., Beck-Speier, I., Rebhan, C., Becker, B. F., et al. (2005). Inhaled glutathione decreases PGE2 and increases lymphocytes in cystic fibrosis lungs. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 39, 463-472.
Hassoun, E.A., Ray, S. (2003). The induction of oxidative stress and cellular death by the drinking water disinfection by-products, dichloroacetate and trichloroacetate in J774.A1 cells. Comparative Biochemistry & Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology, 135 (2), 119.
Hassoun, E.A., Dey, S. (2008). Dichloroacetate- and trichloroacetate-induced phagocytic activation and production of oxidative stress in the hepatic tissues of mice after acute exposure. Journal Of Biochemical And Molecular Toxicology, 22(1), 27-34.
Hayes, C. L., Spink, D. C., Spink, B. C., Cao, J. Q., Walker, N. J., & Sutter, T. R. (1996). 17ß-estradiol hydroxylation catalyzed by human cytochrome P450 1B1. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 93, 9776-9781.
Herren-Freund, S.L., Pereira, M.A., Khoury, M.D., Olson, G. (1987). The carcinogenicity of trichloroethylene and its metabolites, trichloroacetic acid and dichloroacetic acid, in mouse liver. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 90, 183-189.
Heshe, D., Hoogestraat, S., Brauckmann, C., Karst, U., Boos, J., Lanvers-Kaminsky, C. (2011). Dichloroacetate metabolically targeted therapy defeats cytotoxicity of standard anticancer drugs. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol, 67, 647–655.
Ho, C., Ling, Y., Chang, L. W., Tsai, M., & Lin, P. (2008). 17-beta estradiol and hydroxyestradiols interact via the NF-kappa B pathway to elevate cyclooxygenase 2 expression and prostaglandin E2 secretion in human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxological Sciences, 104(2), 294-302.
Hollingsworth, J. W., Kleeberger, S. R., & Foster, W. M. (2007). Ozone and pulmonary innate immunity. Proc Am Thorac Soc, 4, 240-246.
Huber, J. C., Schneeberger, C., & Tempfer, C. B. (2002). Genetic modeling of estrogen metabolism as a risk factor of hormone-dependent disorders. The European Menopause Journal, 41(1), S55-S64.
IARC (International Agency for Research on Cancer). 2004. Dichloroacetic acid. IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum, 84, 359-402.
Jacob, D. J. Atmospheric chemisty. AccessScience@McGraw-hill
() doi:DOI 10.1036/1097-8542.059100
Kathuria, H., Cao, Y., Hinds, A., Ramirez, M. I., & Williams, M. C. (2007). ERM is expressed by alveolar epithelial cells in adult mouse lung and regulates caveolin-1 transcription in mouse lung epithelial cell lines. Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, 102, 13-27.
Kim, Y. J., & Chung, H. Y. (2007). Antioxidative and anti-inflammatory actions of docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid in renal epithelial cells and macrophages. Journal of Medicinal Food, 10(2), 225-231.
Kwong, G. N. M., Proctor, A., Billings, C., Duggan, R., Das, C., Whyte, M. K. B., et al. (2001). Increasing prevalence of asthma diagnosis and symptoms in children is confined to mild symptoms. Thorax., 56(4), 312-314.
Lai, J., Cheng, Y., Chiou, H., Wu, M., Chen, C., & Lee, H. (2005). Gender difference in estrogen receptor alpha promoter hypermethylation and its prognostic value in non-small cell lung cancer. International Journal of Cancer, 117(6), 974-980.
Lee, K., Lee, H., Ahn, K., Kim, S., Nam, D., Kim, D. K., et al. (2009). Cyclooxygenase-2/ prostaglandin E2 pathway mediates icarisde II induced apoptosis in human PC-3 prostate cancer cells. Cancer Letters, 280, 93-100.
Lin, P., Chang, Y., Chen, C., Yang, W., Cheng, Y., & Chang, L. W. (2004). A comparative study on the effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin polychlorinated biphenyl126 and estrogen in human bronchial epithelial cells. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 195, 83-91.
Lu, B., Jiang, Y. J., & Choy, P. C. (2004). 17-ß estradiol enhances prostaglandin E2 production in human U937-derived macrophages. Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, 262(1-2), 101-110.
Ludvik, B, Mayer, G, Stifter, S, et al. (1993). Effects Of Dichloroacetate On Exercise Performance In Healthy-Volunteers. European Journal Of Physiology, 423(3-4),251-254.
Lung cancer. (2004). New harvard guide to women's health, the (). Cambridge, MA, USA: Harvard University Press.
Madhok, B.M., Yeluri, S., Perry, S.L., Hughes, T.A., Jayne, D. G. (2010). Dichloroacetate induces apoptosis and cell-cycle arrest in colorectal cancer cells. British Journal of Cancer, 102(12), 1746-1752.
Marquez-Garban, D. C., Chen, H., Goodglick, L., Fishbein, M. C., & Peitras, R. J. (2009). Targeting aromatase and estrogen signaling in human non-small cell lung cancer. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1155, 194-205.
Michelakis, E.D., McMurtry, M.S., Wu, X.C., et al. (2002). Dichloroacetate, a Metabolic Modulator, Prevents and Reverses Chronic Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats: Role of Increased Expression and Activity of Voltage-Gated Potassium Channels. Circulation, 105(2), 244-250.
Michelakis, E.D., Sutendra, G., Dromparis, P., Webster, L., Harmony, A., Niven, E., et al. (2010). Metabolic modulation of glioblastoma with dichloroacetate. Sci Trans Med., 2, 31–34.
Miyacuchi, C., Muranaka, S., Kanno, T., Fujita, H., Akiyama, J., Yoshioka, T., et al. (2004). 17ß-estradiol suppresses ROS-induced apoptosis of CHO cells through inhibition of lipid peroxidation-couples membrane permeability transition. Physiological Chemistry and Physics and Medical NMR, 36(1), 21-35.
Mollerup, S., Jorgensen, K., Berge, G., & Haugen, A. (2002). Espression of estrogen receptors alpha and beta in human lung tissue and cell lines. Lung Cancer, 37, 153-159.
Moore, G.W., Swift, L.L., Rabinowitz, D., Crofford, O.B., Oates, J.A., Stacpoole, P.W. (1979). Reduction of serum cholesterol in two patients with homozygous familial hupercholesterolemia by dicloroacetate. Artherosclerosis, 33, 285-293.
Morrison, D., Rahman, I., & MacNee, W. (2006). Permeability, inflammation, and oxidant status in airspace epithelium exposed to ozone. Respiratory Medicine, 100, 2227-2234.
Moser, V. C., Phillips, P. M., McDaniel, K. L., MacPhail, R. C. (1999). Behavioral evaluation of the neurotoxicity produced by dichloroacetic acid in rats. Neurotoxicology and Teratology, 21(6), 719-731.
Moss, M., & Mannino, D. M. (2002). Race and gender differences in acute
respiratory distress syndrome deaths in the united states: An analysis of
multiple cause mortality data (1979-1996).
Crit Care Med, 30(8), 1679-1685.
Nadadur, S. S., Costa, D. L., Slade, R., Silbjoris, R., & Hatch, G. E. (2005). Acute ozone-induced differential gene expression profiles in rat lung. Environmental Health Perspectives, 113(12), 1717-1722.
Omoto, Y., Kobayashi, Y., Nishida, K., Tsuchiya, E., Eguchi, H., Nakagawa, K., et al. (2001). Espression, function and clinical implications of the estrogen receptor ß in human lung cancers. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 285, 340-347.
Ozacmak, V. H., & Sayan, H. (2009). The effects of 17ß estradiol, 17-alpha estradiol and progesterone on oxidative stress biomarkers in ovariectomized female rate brain subjected to global cerebral ischemia. Physiological Research, 58, 909-912.
Pryor, W. A. (1994). Mechanisms of radical formation from reactions of ozone with target molecules in the lung. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 17(5), 451-465.
Quinlan, G. J., Lamb, N. J., Tilley, R., Evans, T. W., & Gutteridge, J. M. C. (1997). Plasma hypoxanthine levels in ARDS: Implications for oxidative stress, morbidity, and mortality. American Journal of Respiratory & Critical Care Medicine, 155(2), 479-484.
Plewa, M.J., Simmons, J.E., Richardson, S.D., and Wagner, E.D. (2010). Mammalian cell cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the haloacetic acids, a major class of drinking water disinfection by-products. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 51(8-9), 871-878.
Russo, R., Navarra, M., Maiuolo, J., Rotiroti, D., Bagetta, G., &
Corasaniti, M. T. (2005). 17ß-estradiol portects SH-SY5Y cells against HIV-1
gp120-induced cell death: Evidence for a role of estrogen receptors. NeuroToxicology, 26, 905-913.
Sadava, D., Heller, H. C., Orians, G. H., Purves, W. K., & Hillis, D. M.
(2007). Life: The science of biology
(8th edition ed.). USA: The Courier Companies, Inc.
Saed, G.M., Fletcher, N.M., Jiang, Z.L., Abu-Soud, H.M., Diamond, M.P. (2011). Dichloroacetate Induces Apoptosis of Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Cells Through a Mechanism Involving Modulation of Oxidative Stress. Reproductive Sciences, 18(12), 1253-1261.
Schagat, T. L., Wofford, J. A., Greene, K. E., & Wright, J. R. (2003). Surfacant protein A differentially regulates peripheral and inflammatory neutrophil chemotaxis. AJP - Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, 284, L140-L147.
Schatz, M., Clark, S., & Camargo, C. A. J. (2006). Sex differences in the presentation and course of asthma hospitalizations. Chest, 129, 50-55.
Si, M., Al-Sharafi, B., Lai, C., Khardori, P., Chang, C., & Su, C. (2001). Gender difference in cytoprotection induced by estrogen on female and male bovine aortic endothelial cells Endocrine, 15(3), 255-262.
Sindhu, R. K., & Kikkawa, Y. (1999). Superinduction of oxidized tryptophan-inducible cytochrome P450 1A1 by cycloheximide in hepa 1c1c7 cell. In Vitro and Molecular Toxicology, 12(3), 149-162.
Sindhu, R. K., Mitsuhashi, M., & Kikkawa, Y. (2000). Induction of cytochrome P-410 1A2 by oxidized tryptophan in hepa 1c1c7 cells. The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, 292, 1008-1014.
Singhal, R., Shankar, K., Badger, T. M., & Ronis, M. J. (2008). Estrogenic status moduclates aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated hepatic gene expression and carcinogenicity. Carcinogenesis, 29(2), 227-236.
Stabile, L. P., Gaither Davis, A. L., Gubish, C. T., Hopkins, T. M., Luketich, a. D., Christie, N., et al. (2002). Human non-sall cell lung tumors and cells derived from normal lung espress both estrogen receptor alpha and beta and show biological responses to estrogen. Cancer Research, 62, 2141-2150.
Stacpoole, P.W., Moore, G.W., Kornhauser, D.M. (1978). Metabolic effects of dichloroacetate in patients with diabetis mellitus and hyperlipoproteinemia. N.Engl. J. Med., 298, 526-530.
Stacpoole, P.W., Kerr, D.S., Barnes, C., Bunch, S.T., Carney, P.R., Fennell, E.M., Felitsyn, N.M., Gilmore, R.L., Greer, M., Henderson, G.N., Hutson, A.D., Neiberger, R.E., O’Brien, R.G., Perkins, L.A., Quisling, R.G., Shroads, A.L., Shuster, J.J., Silverstein, J.H. (1989). The pharmacology of dichloroacetate. Metabolism, 38, 1124–1144.
Stacpoole, P.W., Greene, Y.J. (1992). Dichloroacetate Diabetes Care, 15(6), 785-791.
Stacpoole, P.W., Henderson, G.N., Yan, Z., Cornett, R., James, M.O. (1998). Pharmacokinetics, metabolism and toxicology of dichloroacetate. Drug Metab Rev. 30, 499–539.
Stacpoole, P.W., Nagaraja, N.V., Hutson, A.D. (2003). Efficacy of Dichloroacetate as a Lactate-Lowering Drug. J Clin Pharmacol, 43, 683-691.
Stacpoole, P.W. (2011). The Dichloroacetate Dilemma: Environmental Hazard versus Therapeutic Goldmine – Both or Neither? Environmental Health Perspectives, 119(2),155-158.
Stenson, W. F. (2007). Prostaglandins and epithelial response to injury. Current Opinion in Gastroenterology, 23, 107-110.
TenHoor, T., Mannino, D. M., & Moss, M. (2001). Risk factors for ARDS in the united states - analysis of the 1993 national mortality followback study Chest, 119, 1179-1184.
Theriaque, D.W., Valenstein, E. (2006). Controlled Clinical Trial of Dichloroacetate for Treatment of Congenital Lactic Acidosis in Children. Pediatrics, 117, 1519-1531.
Todokoro, M., Mochizuki, H., Tokuyama, K., Utsugi, M., Dobashi, K., Mori, M., et al. (2004). Effect of ozone exposure on intracellular glutathione redox state in cultured human airway epithelial cells Inflammation, 28(2), 105-114.
Topcuoglu, A., Uzun, H., Balci, H., Karakus, M., Coban, I., Altug, T., et al. (2009). Esffects of estrogens on oxidative protein damage in plasma and tissues in ovariectomised rats. Clinical and Investigative Medicine, 32(2), E133-E143.
Tsao, S., Yin, M., & Liu, W. (2007). Oxidant stress and B vitamins status in patients with non-small cell lung cancer Nutrition and Cancer, 59(1), 8-13.
Uden, P.C. & Miller, J.W. (1983). Chlorinated acids and chloral in drinking water. American Water Works Association, 75(10), 524-527.
Urata, Y., Ihara, Y., Murata, H., Goto, S., Koji, T., Yodoi, J., et al. (2006). 17ß-estradiol protects against oxidative stress-induced cell death through the Glutathione/Glutaredoxin-dependent redox regulation of akt in myocardiac H9c2 cells. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 281(19), 13092-13102.
Vella, S., Conti, M., Tasso, R., Cancedda, R., Pagano, A. (2012). Dichloroacetate inhibits neuroblastoma growth by specifically acting against malignant undifferentiated cells. International Journal of Cancer, 130, 1484–1493.
Wade, L. G. J. (2006). Organic chemistry (6th edition ed.). United States of America: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Wang, J., Wang, S., Manzer, R., McConville, G., & Mason, R. J. (2006). Ozone induces oxidative stress in rat alveolar type II and type I-like cells. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 40, 1914-1928.
Wargovich, T.I., Mac Donald, R.G., Hill, J.A., Feldman, R.L., Stacpoole, P.W., Pepine, C.J. (1989). Myocardial metabolic and hemodynamic effects of dichloroacetate in patients with coronary artery disease. Am. J. Cardiol., 61,65-70.
Wong, J.Y.Y., Huggins, G.S., Debidda, M., Munshi, N.C., De Vivo, I. (2008). Dichloroacetate induces apoptosis in endometrial cancer cells. Gynecologic Oncology, 109(3), 394-402.
Xu, X., Weisel, C.P . (2003). Inhalation Exposure to Haloacetic Acids and Haloketones during Showering. Environ. Sci. Technol. 37, 569-576.
Yu, J., Eto, M., Kozaki, K., Akishita, M., Okabe, T., & Ouchi, Y. (2008). Raloxifene analogue LY117018 supresses oxidative stress-induced endothelial cell apoptosis through activation of ERK1/2 signaling pathway. European Journal of Pharmacology, 589, 32-36.
Yu, J., Eto, M., Skishita, M., Okabe, T., & Ouchi, Y. (2009). A selective estrogen receptor modulator inhibits TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis by activating ERK1/2 signaling pathway in vascular endothelial cells. Vascular Pharmacology, 51, 21-28.
Zhu, B. T., & Conney, A. H. (1998). Function role of estrogen metabolism in target cells: Review and perspectives Carcinogenesis, 19(1), 1-27.
Zhu, B. T., & Lee, A. J. (2005). NADPH-dependent metabolism of 17ß-estradiol and estrone to polar and nonpolar metabolites by human tissues and cytochrome P450 isoforms. Steroids, 70(4), 225-244.
Subtitle 2
Insert main body text here for subpart 2
Subtitle 3
Insert main body text here for subpart 3